The BIOFUND Virtual Library is an online archive of information on Mozambique’s biodiversity, organized along the lines suggested by the Convention on Biodiversity’s Clearing House Mechanism. The Virtual Library will strive to make available all the documents, studies, reports, articles, educational and communications materials, maps and digital files that have been produced, to serve as a repository of our collective institutional memory as a conservation community. The usefulness of the Virtual Library will improve the more we share amongst ourselves. If you have any materials that are not currently part of the Virtual Library, please click on "Add Document" and become a contributor.
Filters
Title
Author
Year of Publication
Ecosystem Services Review for Impact Assessment: Impact Prioritization Spreadsheet
World Resources Institute
Sd
N/A
English
No Restrictions
General
Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Management Plans, Biodiversity Counterbalance Plans, and the like
Impact Assessment
None
Ecosystem Services Review for Impact Assessment: Impact Prioritization Spreadsheet
Ecosystem services:Theeconomicsdebate
Farley, J.
2012
N/A
Elsevier B.V.
The goal of this paper is to illuminate the debate concerning the economics of ecosystem services. The sustainability debate focuses on whether or not ecosystem services are essential for human welfare and the existence of ecological thresholds. If ecosystem services are essential, then marginal analysis and monetary valuation are inappropriate tools in the vicinity of thresholds. The justice debate focuses on who is entitled to ecosystem services and the ecosystem structure that generates them. Answers to these questions have profound implications for the choice of suitable economic institutions. The efficiency debate concerns both the goals of economic activity and the mechanisms best suited to achieve those goals.
English
No Restrictions
General
Peer-reviewed article
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Ecosystem services:Theeconomicsdebate
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Braat, L.
Sd
N/A
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
The Value of Nature: Ecological, Economic, Cultural and Social Benefits of Protected Areas.
Mulongoy, K. & Gidda, S.
2008
N/A
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
The overwhelming purpose and scope of the CBD programme of work on protected areas is to support the establishment and maintenance of comprehensive, effectively managed and ecologically representative national and regional systems of protected areas that contribute to achieving the three objectives of the Convention: the 2010 biodiversity target, the pursuit of sustainable development including poverty reduction, and the Millennium Development Goals.
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Protected Areas
None
The Value of Nature: Ecological, Economic, Cultural and Social Benefits of Protected Areas.
Ecosystem Services of Southeast Asia: Major Threats and Opportunities
Morel, A.
2007
N/A
Global Canopy Programme
There are major external pressures driving the degradation of the forest resources of Southeast Asia, namely: rapid population and economic growth. This has been accomplished through exploitation of the region’s rich mineral, petroleum and forest resources and a favourable climate for agricultural commodity production, such as oil palm, rubber and coffee.
English
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity; Other Terrestrial Biodiversity
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Sustainable Use of Biodiversity
None
Ecosystem Services of Southeast Asia: Major Threats and Opportunities
Ecosystems for water and food security
Boelee, E.
2011
N/A
International Water Management Institute
With a growing global population expected to reach 9.1 billion in 2050 and the increasing impacts of climate change, sustainable use of water and ecosystems for food security is a great challenge. It is important to gain a better understanding of the functioning of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and their interrelation with the availability and quality of water. This calls for a shift in the management of ecosystems and the water within them for food security. Agricultural production systems have to be recognized and managed as a landscape of interlinked agroecosystems with the potential for multiple functions.
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Sustainable Use of Biodiversity; Health & Biodiversity
None
Ecosystems for water and food security
Ecosystem services of the Congo Basin forests
Maniatis, D.
2008
N/A
Global Canopy Programme
Taking into account population growth, road density, logging concessions and forest fragmentation, the Congo Basin could continue to shrink towards the interior over the next 50 years and may fragment into three blocks. The Congo Basin loses some 1.49 million hectares a year to agriculture, logging, road development, oil exploitation and mining. The annual rate of deforestation has been estimated at an average of 0.425. The Republic of Congo loses at least 7,000 hectares of forest each year to logging for firewood.
English
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Threats to Biodiversity
None
Ecosystem services of the Congo Basin forests
Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation in Amazonia
Meir, P. Et al.
2011
N/A
A report of a capacity-building project to design a research agenda on the links between the natural capital of Amazonian forests and water, food, health, livelihood, climate and energy securities.
Global Canopy Programme
Latin America is a biodiversity superpower and Amazonia is perhaps its greatest natural capital asset. Amazonian forests provide ecosystem services that underpin food, water, energy and livelihood securities. Research shows that Amazonia’s forests are threatened by unsustainable land use practices and climate change, which could lead to large-scale impacts on ecosystem services. Maintaining the integrity of Amazonian ecosystems while reducing poverty and vulnerability is a key challenge for the region.
English
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity; Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation in Amazonia
Understanding Forest Bonds
Cranford, M.; Parker, C. & Trivedi, M.
2011
N/A
Global Canopy Programme
Every year around 13 million hectares of forest around the world are cleared (FAO, 2010) for purposes such as crop cultivation, pastures, logging and mining. Although the rate of loss has declined in some countries in recent years, the global deforestation rate is still “alarmingly high” and it remains particularly high in the world’s main tropical forest regions (FAO, 2010). As forests are degraded, so are the ecosystem services they provide to humanity. These services are valued in the order of USD trillions per year (TEEB, 2009) for their role in underpinning livelihoods and supporting climate, food, energy and water security across the globe.
English
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Understanding Forest Bonds
On the Eve of Rio+20, Countries Accelerating Plans for a Transition to a Green Economy
UNEP
2011
N/A
UNEP
Beijing, 16 November 2011 – A new UN report demonstrates that governments and businesses alike are taking steps to accelerate a global shift towards a low-carbon, resource efficient and socially inclusive green future.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
On the Eve of Rio+20, Countries Accelerating Plans for a Transition to a Green Economy
Portugal Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: State of the Assessment Report
Pereira, H.; Domingos, T. Vicente, L.
2004
N/A
Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) is an international assessment designed to meet the needs of decision makers for scientific information, concerning the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being, and options for responding to those changes. The MA was launched by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, and was designed to meet some of the assessment needs of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention to Combat Desertification, and the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment is a multi-scale assessment, consisting of interconnected assessments at the global, sub-global and local levels.
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Impact Assessment
None
Portugal Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: State of the Assessment Report
Securing a Green Economy through Ecosystem Management
UNEP
2011
N/A
international ecosystem management programme
This paper has been prepared for the upcoming High-level Forum on Ecosystem Management and Green Economy1 (18 November 2011, Beijing, China) with the overall aim of contributing to the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) taking place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 2012 (Rio+20).
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Securing a Green Economy through Ecosystem Management
Strategic Environmental Assessment and Ecosystem Services
SwedBio
2010
N/A
OECD
Ending poverty is the prime objective of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the overarching challenge for international development co-operation. Meeting the other MDGs, including „ensuring environmental sustainability‟ (MDG 7), are essential to ensure the successful elimination of poverty. The environment matters greatly to the world‟s poor, especially to the rural poor who depend directly on natural resources and ecosystems for their livelihood. But too often the programmes and activities of donor agencies and their partners still do not give this critical linkage sufficient weight or emphasis.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Impact Assessment
None
Strategic Environmental Assessment and Ecosystem Services
The Social Dimension of Biodiversity Policy
Nunes, P. Et al.
2011
N/A
FFEM
This report sets out to investigate the social aspects of biodiversity conservation, in particular the links between biodiversity and employment, and the value of biodiversity for vulnerable rural people. The study maps the linkages between biodiversity, ecosystem services and employment and uses vulnerability-related indicators coupled with spatial mapping of biodiversity and ecosystem values for the EU to determine whether the poor and vulnerable rural communities are more strongly dependent on the provision of ecosystem services. A number of global case studies highlight a range of issues experienced by the rural poor in developing nations dependent on ecosystem services.
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Community Use of Biodiversity
None
The Social Dimension of Biodiversity Policy
TEEB – Implementation Guide for AICHI TARGET 2
TEEB
2011
N/A
By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
TEEB – Implementation Guide for AICHI TARGET 2
Nature and its Role in the Transition to a Green Economy
ten Brink, P. Et al
2012
N/A
There is growing recognition among policy-makers and private sector decision-makers that the current model of economic growth is socially, environmentally, and economically unsustainable. This has sparked a renewed focus on the need for the international community to make a committed transition towards a “green” economy in order to ensure a sustainable and desirable future that promotes social equity, poverty eradication, and human well-being (UNEP 2011). This focus has been complemented by the increasing appreciation of biodiversity and ecosystem services (MA 2005) and the economic value of nature, including its intrinsic value (TEEB 2008, 2010a and b, 2011, 2012a and b).
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Nature and its Role in the Transition to a Green Economy
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity Report for Business – Executive Summary 2010
TEEB
2010
N/A
TEEB
This document summarizes a major component of TEEB aimed at the business community (‘TEEB for Business’ or Deliverable 3). The full report sets out the business case for biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES). In this summary, we review some key indicators and drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem decline, and show how this presents both risks and opportunities to business. We examine the changing preferences of consumers for nature-friendly products and services, and offer some examples of how companies are responding; more detail is provided in Chapter 1 of the full report.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity Report for Business – Executive Summary 2010
Why Value the Oceans?
Leslie, H. Et al.
2012
N/A
UNEP
Oceans cover almost three-quarters of the planet, yet we are just beginning to discover the extent of the resources, both biotic and abiotic, that lie beneath their surfaces.
English
No Restrictions
Marine Biodiversity; Coastal Biodiversity
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Identification, Monitoring, Indicators and Assessments
None
Why Value the Oceans?
The Ecosystem Services Benchmark – An overview
Natural Value Initiative
Sd
N/A
The Ecosystem Services Benchmarking tool was developed by the Natural Value Initiative in collaboration with investors from Europe, Brazil, the USA and Australia: three UK-based asset managers (Aviva Investors, F&C Investments and Insight Investment); US-based asset manager (Pax World); Brazilian based bank (Grupo Santander Brasil) and a leading Australian pension fund, VicSuper. Designed to evaluate investment risk and opportunity associated with biodiversity and ecosystem services impacts and dependence in the food, beverage and tobacco sector, it offers investors unprecedented access to information on corporate risk management for an issue gaining rapidly in importance
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
The Ecosystem Services Benchmark – An overview
The Economics of Ecosystem and Biodiversity for Water and Wetlands
ten Brink, P .Et al.
2012
N/A
TEEB
This TEEB for Water and Wetlands Brief introduces the new initiative, presents initial ideas on the benefits and questions to be explored over the coming months. Obtaining new and complementary insights from the practical experience of stakeholders (ecosystem managers, communities, municipalities, decision makers from the public and private sector at local, national and international scale etc.) from around the world will be an important element in the development of this work Readers are invited to respond to the questions listed below and to submit further information and case studies (see contact information at the end of the paper).
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
The Economics of Ecosystem and Biodiversity for Water and Wetlands
Ecosystem Service Assessment: Research Needs for Coastal Green Infrastructure
CGIES
2015
N/A
OSTP
The report includes particular attention to the relationship between green infrastructure and “ecosystem services.” Ecosystem services are the direct or indirect contributions, including economic, environmental, and social effects, which ecosystems make to the environment and human populations (White House Council on Environmental Quality, 2013), including tangible goods and benefits (such as the provision of food and materials), regulating and protective services (such as carbon sequestration or flood control), recreational opportunities, and cultural and aesthetic benefits
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Impact Assessment
None
Ecosystem Service Assessment: Research Needs for Coastal Green Infrastructure
Ecosystem Services Review for Impact Assessment: Dependence Prioritization Spreadsheet
World Resources Institute
Sd
N/A
English
No Restrictions
General
Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Management Plans, Biodiversity Counterbalance Plans, and the like
Impact Assessment
None
Ecosystem Services Review for Impact Assessment: Dependence Prioritization Spreadsheet
Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention
UNESCO
2008
N/A
UNESCO
The Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention (hereinafter referred to as the Operational Guidelines) aim to facilitate the implementation of the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (hereinafter referred to as "the World Heritage Convention" or "the Convention”), by setting forth the procedure for: a) the inscription of properties on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity
None
Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention
National System Planning for Protected Areas
Davey, A.
1998
N/A
IUCN
A guideline is a clear statement, based on best available knowledge, which provides guidance in relation to a particular issue. This document is designed to provide such statements to assist the planning of a national system of protected areas. However, because the relevance of issues is context-dependent and the circumstances of countries are so varied, the guidelines are not presented as rules.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Protected Areas
International Protected Areas
National System Planning for Protected Areas
Medidas de Éxito Diseño, manejo y monitoreo de proyectos de conservación y desarrollo
Margoluis, R. & Salafsky, N.
1998
N/A
Medidas de Éxito está estructurada alrededor de cuatro marcos hipotéticos o escenarios que muestran las diversas dificultades en el manejo de proyectos de conservación y desarrollo alrededor del mundo. Estos proyectos son implementados por varios tipos de grupos, incluyendo organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG), agencias gubernamentales, comunidades locales y grupos partidarios.
Othe
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Protected Areas
None
Medidas de Éxito Diseño, manejo y monitoreo de proyectos de conservación y desarrollo
Marine Spatial Planning: a step-by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management
Ehler, C. & Douvere, F.
2009
N/A
In this guide, we use a clear, straightforward step-by-step approach to show you how you can set up and apply MSP. Most steps are illustrated with relevant examples from the real world. To make sure you have the information you need, throughout the text we refer you to more detailed sources, including the UNESCO website on MSP (ioc3. unesco.org/marinesp) that can further support you in making good decisions in MSP.
English
No Restrictions
Marine Biodiversity
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Protected Areas
None
Marine Spatial Planning: a step-by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management
Examples of Ecosystem Service-related Business Risks and Opportunities
WRI
Sd
N/A
English
No Restrictions
General
Presentations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Examples of Ecosystem Service-related Business Risks and Opportunities
Outstanding Universal Value Standards for Natural World Heritage
Badman, T.; Et al.
2008
N/A
IUCN
This compendium is IUCN’s response to that decision, as the advisory body to the World Heritage Committee on Natural Heritage. The report is structured around the above 6 points and provides an initial analysis of decisions of the Committee. Landmark cases highlighting World Heritage Committee decisions in relation to particular cases are highlighted throughout the text and are elaborated in Annex 2 of the report.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity
None
Outstanding Universal Value Standards for Natural World Heritage
Global patterns of marine turtle bycatch
Wallace, B. Et al.
2010
N/A
1990-2008
Fisheries bycatch is a primary driver of population declines in several species of marine megafauna (e.g., elasmobranchs, mammals, seabirds, turtles). Characterizing the global bycatch seascape using data on bycatch rates across fisheries is essential for highlighting conservation priorities. We compiled a comprehensive database of reported data on marine turtle bycatch in gillnet, longline, and trawl fisheries worldwide from 1990 to 2008.
English
No Restrictions
Marine Biodiversity; Coastal Biodiversity
Peer-reviewed article
Threats to Biodiversity
None
Global patterns of marine turtle bycatch
Parks, People and Professionals: Putting `Participation’ into Protected Area Management
Pimbert, M. & Pretty, J.
1995
N/A
UNRISD
Since the first establishment of protected areas of outstanding natural beauty or species and habitat uniqueness during the last century, there has been a remarkable expansion in numbers and area conserved. There are now close to 8500 major protected areas in 169 countries, covering some 5% of the world's land area. Many developing countries have more than 10% of their land area set aside for conservation purposes, and others are seeking to transform as much of their land as possible to strictly protected areas.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity; Protected Areas; Community Use of Biodiversity
International Protected Areas
Parks, People and Professionals: Putting `Participation’ into Protected Area Management
Guidelines for the Production of a Sectoral Biodiversity Action Plan by Government Departments and relevant state agencies
UNESCO
2002
N/A
These guidelines are intended for use by Government Departments and relevant state
agencies to assist in the production of Sectoral Biodiversity Action Plans and to provide
background information on biodiversity and the Convention on Biological Diversity
(CBD). The Guidelines outline the need for Sectoral Biodiversity Action Plans, offer
suggestions on the process that should be followed and indicate the main issues that
should be addressed. Sectoral Biodiversity Action Plans are required under the National
Biodiversity Plan, which was adopted by Government in 2002.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Legal and Political (Laws, Regulations, Action Plans, Strategies, etc.)
None
Guidelines for the Production of a Sectoral Biodiversity Action Plan by Government Departments and relevant state agencies
Procedimiento de asignación de las categorías de manejo UICN a los espacios naturales protegidos
EUROPARC-España
2005
N/A
EUROPARC-España
Este documento analiza en la primera parte el estado de la cuestión referida a la aplicación de las categorías UICN. La segunda parte presenta un procedimiento para la asignación de categorías UICN a las áreas protegidas del Estado español. Finalmente se presentan varios casos piloto donde se ensaya dicho procedimiento.
Othe
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Protected Areas
All Protected Areas of Mozambique; International Protected Areas
Procedimiento de asignación de las categorías de manejo UICN a los espacios naturales protegidos
Diploma Legislativo n. 2903
Boletim Oficial de Moçambique
1969
Maputo
Boletim Oficial de Moçambique
Portuguese
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity; Other Terrestrial Biodiversity; Inland Waters and Wetlands Biodiversity
Official Government Document
Legal and Political (Laws, Regulations, Action Plans, Strategies, etc.)
These Guidelines have been prepared to support ongoing improvements in the quality of EC development assistance. Quality is defined primarily in terms of the relevance, feasibility and effectiveness of the programmes and projects supported with EC funds, including how well they are managed.
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
Project Cycle Management Guidelines
Managing Tourism at World Heritage Sites: a Practical Manual for World Heritage Site Managers
Pedersen, A.
2002
N/A
UNESCO
An understanding of the responsibilities assumed under the World Heritage Convention is essential to policy setting and decision making. The Operational Guidelines accompanying the Convention have a large bearing on tourism management, providing useful guidance on responsibilities such as periodic reporting. The World Heritage network also offers unique opportunities, and the World Heritage Centre has an array of resources available to tourism managers including public information materials.
English
No Restrictions
General
Reports, Studies, Biodiversity Baselines and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity
None
Managing Tourism at World Heritage Sites: a Practical Manual for World Heritage Site Managers
Quadro das Demandas e Propostas de Guiné-Bissau para o Desenvolvimento de um Programa Regional de Cooperação entre Países da CPLP no domínio da Luta contra a Desertificação e Gestão Sustentável das Terras
FAO, Governo de Moçambique
2009
N/A
TCP CPLP/FAO - MADRRM
A localização geográfica de Moçambique nos trópicos e subtrópicos faz com que ele seja
vulnerável a eventos extremos de origem meteorológica tais como secas, cheias e ciclones
tropicais e de origem geológica como é o caso de sismos e tsunamis. Entre todas as
diversas zonas do país, as áridas, semi-áridas e sub-húmidas secas são as mais vulneráveis,
devido à degradação da terra caracterizada por perda persistente de productividade de
vegetação, solos e pastagens e exacerbada pelo seu uso inapropriado.
Portuguese
No Restrictions
General
Official Government Document
Climate Change and Biodiversity
None
Quadro das Demandas e Propostas de Guiné-Bissau para o Desenvolvimento de um Programa Regional de Cooperação entre Países da CPLP no domínio da Luta contra a Desertificação e Gestão Sustentável das Terras
Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: making REDD a reality
Gibbs, H. Et al.
2007
N/A
IOP Publishing Ltd
Reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and degradation in developing countries is of central importance in efforts to combat climate change. Key scientific challenges must be addressed to prevent any policy roadblocks. Foremost among the challenges is quantifying nations’ carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, which requires information on forest clearing and carbon storage.
English
No Restrictions
Forest Biodiversity
Peer-reviewed article
Identification, Monitoring, Indicators and Assessments
None
Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: making REDD a reality
What Are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units
Boyd, J. & Banzhaf, S.
2006
N/A
RFF DP
This paper advocates consistently defined units of account to measure the contributions of nature to human welfare. We argue that such units have to date not been defined by environmental accounting advocates and that the term “ecosystem services” is too ad hoc to be of practical use in welfare accounting. We propose a definition, rooted in economic principles, of ecosystem service units. A goal of these units is comparability with the definition of conventional goods and services found in GDP and the other national accounts.
English
No Restrictions
General
Peer-reviewed article
Economics, Trade and Incentive Measures
None
What Are Ecosystem Services? The Need for Standardized Environmental Accounting Units
UK Biodiversity Indicators in Your Pocket 2011
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
2011
N/A
The UK Biodiversity Indicators are dependent on a wide variety of data, provided by Government, research bodies and the voluntary sector. The presentation and assessment of the indicators has been cleared by the data providers, and the production and editing of the indicators has been overseen by independent Defra statisticians
English
No Restrictions
General
Project Document, Project Reports and Evaluations
Biological and Cultural Diversity; Identification, Monitoring, Indicators and Assessments
None
UK Biodiversity Indicators in Your Pocket 2011
Biodiversity Indicators
POSTnote 312
2008
N/A
The UK is committed to a demanding European target to halt biodiversity loss and a less stringent global target to reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. Biodiversity indicators measure progress towards these targets. This POSTnote explains the different suites of indicators that will be used and looks at issues surrounding them.
English
No Restrictions
General
Others
Identification, Monitoring, Indicators and Assessments